Recent research highlights from Duke Kunshan University’s centers and programs, plus a few other places. Use the filter to narrow your search.
Unfavorable socioeconomic status and a worse health condition in childhood and adolescence may increase the risk of late-life frailty among Chinese older adults. Global health professor Chenkai Wu and fellow researchers identified an association by analyzing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The findings were published in Age and Ageing.
In a paper published by IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, electrical and computer engineering professor Xin Li and colleagues propose a correlated Bayesian inference (CBI) method to estimate the system-level failure rates for large-scale circuit systems over multiple process corners. Numerical experiments show that compared with the state-of-the-art algorithm, the method can achieve around 10 times runtime reduction without surrendering accuracy.
In a paper accepted at the 2019 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing held in Brighton, U.K., electrical and computer engineering professor Ming Li and fellow researchers present an end-to-end language identification framework, the attention-based convolutional neural network-bidirectional long-short term memory (CNN-BLSTM), which is performed on the utterance level.
Worldwide progress in reducing child deaths is among the greatest success stories in global health. Yet progress has not been universal, with data showing differences across geographical regions and age groups. To help policymakers better understand where, and at what ages, child survival remains most tenuous, environmental health scientist John Ji helped map 123 million child deaths between 2000 and 2017, with the results published in Nature.
Through stories of women laboring as temporary workers at an informal household workshop in Guangzhou’s garment district, anthropologist Nellie Chu demonstrates in a paper published by Modern Asian Studies how maternal longing and migratory displacement stem from these women having to bridge the spaces of rural-urban, household-factory and reproductive-productive labor. Chu shows how efforts to balance these tensions cause women to feel unfulfilled as industrial workers and domestic caretakers.
The sustainable development goals adopted by U.N. member states in 2015 set bold and ambitious health-related targets to achieve by 2030. To gauge China’s progress toward these targets, population health scientist Shenglan Tang conducted a systematic analysis with colleagues at Duke University and in Beijing. The report, published by PLOS Medicine, recommends that China take concerted action, such as increasing investments in public goods and services for health and redressing the intracountry inequities, to improve the health of its 1.4 billion people.
Early-career global health investigators face numerous constraints and challenges, making attraction, development and retention an important priority. In a viewpoint article for the Global Heart journal, Lijing Yan, an expert in non-communicable diseases, and other mentors involved in global cardiovascular health programs identify the three key pillars for supporting the next generation of researchers: “companionship, light and fuel.”
Extremist populist parties in some states have won an electoral mandate large enough to democratically refashion liberal democracy into “illiberal democracy.” Political scientist Benjamin Schupmann responds to this problem in a paper for Philosophy and Social Criticism. He analyzes justifications for constitutional guarantees of liberalism and outlines four mechanisms that can do so.
The Sino-American alliance in World War II was critical to halting the advance of the Imperial Japanese Army. But by early 1945, the U.S. Army had outworn its welcome, with one issue sparking a violent backlash: Sexual relations between American soldiers and Chinese women. Historian Zach Fredman examines the narratives surrounding “Jeep girls” in a paper for the Journal of Modern Chinese History.
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are major contributors to the disease burden and deaths globally. At the same time, nearly half of the world’s population has no access to health care services. Behavioral scientist and medical epidemiologist Abu Abdullah and fellow researchers at the Asia Pacific Observatory on Health Systems and Policies have published a policy brief that suggests using community health workers to manage and prevent NCDs. The report is based on studies in China, Bangladesh, Nepal and Vietnam.
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